Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer, current state of the art

Immunotherapy has been a revolution in cancer management the metastatic setting. This led to prompt evaluation of such therapies earlier stages. article discusses still limited amount data finding rationale assess therapy this setting and reviews preclinical clinical available. Overall, neoadjuvant immunotherapy is promising approach for treatment cancers supporting its use strong. Neoadjuvant resulted, majority trials, improved pathologic complete response rates with favorable toxicity profile no delay surgery. Various regimens were effective: inhibitory immune check-point blockers (IICPB) alone, combination PD-1 CTLA-4 inhibitors, chemotherapy (CT) IICPB, phased CT IICPB (either before or after CT). Yet question whether will benefit patients terms disease-free and, ultimately, overall survival remains unknown.